Foundations of Nursing 1
Subtopic:
Waste Management and Disposal

Learning Objectives
Understand types of medical waste: Identify various waste categories and their associated risks (e.g. sharps, infectious, general).
Apply proper segregation techniques: Sort waste at the source using the correct color-coded bins to minimize cross-contamination.
Ensure safe handling and disposal: Use PPE when managing waste and follow protocols for transporting, storing, and discarding materials.
Follow emergency procedures: Know the steps for dealing with spills, exposure incidents, or waste-related injuries.
Demonstrate compliance: Recognize legal and institutional responsibilities, including discipline for improper disposal.
WASTE MANAGMENT
The purpose of proper waste management
To prevent the spread of infection to health workers who handle the waste.
To prevent the spread of infection to the local community.
To protect those who handle wastes from infections and injury.
Objectives
Categorize waste in a health facility
Segregate waste in a health facility
Dispose waste in a health facility in their appropriate bins
Requirements
Color coded bins with the appropriate liners
Black bin with liner
Yellow bin with liner
Red bucket with liner
Brown bin with liner
Procedure
TABLE SHOWING COLOUR CODED BINS FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF WASTES

MEDICAL WASTE SEGREGATION
Segregate waste at the point of generation according to the type. Place each type in a separate bin/container that is color coded according to the type of waste. The bins should be well covered and the waste handlers should wear protective gears.

Proper handling of waste means:
Segregation of the waste.
Transporting solid contaminated waste to the disposal site in covered containers.
Disposing of wastes:
Incineration
Sharp items are discarded into the puncture-resistant containers and finally burnt
Carefully pouring liquid waste down in the sluice or designated places.
Burning or burying contaminated solid waste.
Point to note
Follow the waste management protocols recommended internationally and nationally.
How to handlesharps
Use a pan (safe zone) to carry and pass sharp items (e.g., pass suture needles on a needle holder).
Do not leave sharps in places other than safe zones.
Use each needle and syringe only once.
Do not disassemble needles and syringe after use.
Do not bend, break or break needles prior to disposal.
Decontaminate needle and syringe prior to disposal.
Dispose of needle and syringe in a puncture-proof container.
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